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2026-10-06
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Li-Ion Battery Technology
Patent Highlights – Free Version

Sulfonated cellulose fibers aligning Li6PS5Cl into bead-on-string conduction paths in sulfide all-solid-state cathodes, acetylene-formed Si–C bonds concentrated in the surface layer of monosilane-derived amorphous silicon in porous carbon anodes, and Mn2+ / Mn3+-balanced Li-excess disordered rock-salt oxyfluorides as Ni- and Co-free positive electrodes

Prospective High Impact Advancements

⚡
Electrolytes
All-Solid & Solid-Liquid
Contemporary Amperex Technology (CATL)
Sulfonated ethyl cellulose fibers spray-dried with Li6PS5Cl, lining the sulfide particles up in a bead-on-string arrangement inside an NCM811 positive electrode (cellulose 0.5 mass% and Li6PS5Cl 14.5 mass% of the cathode layer)
Cathode σ: 4.3 × 10−4 S/cm
Samsung SDI
Porous nonwoven film (10 μm) carrying a self-standing NCM / Li6PS5Cl coating, laminated onto a directly coated first layer and roll-pressed into a single thick positive electrode for bipolar all-solid-state cells
Loading: 45 mg/cm2, 137 μm single layer
Toyota Motor
Argyrodite sulfide solid electrolyte sheet on a wet-laid PET nonwoven support (4 g/m2), with the filled sheet's elastic-limit tensile load, not nonwoven areal weight, deciding whether it cracks
Elastic-limit load: 0.44 / 0.36 N/5mm (machine / cross direction), crack-free
−
Anode
Negative Electrode
Shin-Etsu Chemical
Monosilane-derived amorphous silicon in porous carbon (BET 2,050 m2/g), with acetylene decomposed at 8 kPa concentrating Si–C bonds, partly as dimethylsiloxane, in a ≤50 nm surface layer
Retention: 85% @500 cycles, 4 C charge
Xiaomi Automobile Technology
Silicon / graphite slurry in an immiscible cyclohexane / tert-butanol pair, freeze-cast on a rotating cooling roll into branched, diverging pore channels (tortuosity 1.5) and fixed by carbonized polyacrylonitrile
Retention: 88% @1,000 cycles, 1 C cycling
Panasonic
Pitch-derived porous carbon templated with 10 nm MgO (pore volume 2.8 cm3/g) and loaded with silicon by monosilane CVD to 50 mass% Si, leaving internal pores open
Residual pore volume: 1.66 cm3/g after Si deposition
+
Cathode
Positive Electrode
LG Energy Solution
Li-excess cation-disordered rock-salt (DRX) oxyfluoride with Mn2+, Mn3+ and Ti4+ as the only transition-metal ions (28.5 : 45.0 : 26.5 mol% of transition metals), free of Ni, Co and Nb
Init. capacity: 260 mAh/g
Ningbo Ronbay New Energy Technology
Li-rich Ni-Mn oxide rapidly cooled to 200°C within 0.7 h between an 870°C sintering with Nb and a 450°C sintering with ZrF4, leaving Nb concentrated in the core and Zr at the surface
Retention: 96.6% @100 cycles, 1 C cycling
Jiangsu Zhengli New Energy Battery Technology
Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (NVPF, 15 μm) overlayer coated over a 225 μm LiFe0.6Mn0.4PO4 (LMFP) layer, the NVPF plateaus interleaving the LMFP Fe and Mn plateaus
Discharge plateaus: LMFP 3.45 V < NVPF 3.8 V < LMFP 4.0 V < NVPF 4.3 V
Benchmarking Experiments in Patents ⓘ
These benchmarks are drawn directly from experiments reported in the patents, where an inventive example incorporating the claimed innovation is compared against a comparative example that omits it while keeping the cell configuration, chemistry, and test conditions otherwise equivalent.
Cycle Life to 80% Retention with Film-Supported Thick Positive Electrode in Bipolar Cells (Samsung SDI)
130 cycles
20 cycles
10 μm porous nonwoven film embedded in a laminated 137 μm NCM / Li6PS5Cl positive electrode at 45 mg/cm2 vs. positive electrode coated in a single pass without porous film (29.5 mg/cm2) • cycles to 80% capacity retention, bipolar stack of two all-solid-state unit cells, 1.0 C charge / 0.5 C discharge, 45°C
Fast-Charge Cycle Retention with Surface-Confined Si–C Bonding in Silicon-Carbon Anode (Shin-Etsu Chemical)
85%
57%
Acetylene decomposed at 8 kPa, concentrating Si–C bonds in a ≤50 nm surface layer vs. acetylene pre-infiltrated at 30 kPa, extending Si–C formation into the bulk • capacity retention after 500 cycles at 4 C charge, full cells with a graphite-dominant blended negative electrode
Electrode Volume Expansion with Roll Freeze-Cast Branched Pore Channels (Xiaomi Automobile Technology)
12%
30%
Immiscible cyclohexane / tert-butanol solvent pair in roll freeze-casting (tortuosity 1.5) vs. miscible acetone / tert-butanol pair (tortuosity 4.0) • electrode volume expansion by in-situ CT, half-cells against lithium metal (lower is better)
Heat Release of Charged Li-Rich Mn-Based Electrode with Opposing Nb / Zr Gradients (Ningbo Ronbay New Energy Technology)
548.1 J/g
919.0 J/g
Rapid cooling to 200°C within 0.7 h between the Nb and Zr sinterings, leaving Nb in the core and Zr at the surface vs. natural cooling after the first sintering (uniform Nb distribution) • DSC heat release of the positive electrode charged to 4.55 V (lower is better)

Recently Published Company Chapter

🏢
USA
ION Storage Systems
Technology Assessment: ION ships a rated anode-free lithium-metal cell that needs no compression fixture – built on a co-sintered garnet bilayer whose porous half hosts the anode. The chapter examines how near-term high-value applications and a planned move toward component supply and licensing relate to volume markets, why compressing a high-temperature sintering step into an in-line process remains the central scale-up question, and how the patent portfolio's scope compares with public positioning.
Product Development Pathway
(4 R&D Concepts)
Multi-site garnet doping that stabilizes the cubic phase at reduced processing temperature, allowing a single electrolyte composition to co-sinter into a porous–dense bilayer without relying on a sacrificial lithium source during firing. Solvent-free green-body processing with a light-curable binder system, avoiding a protonated impurity phase that otherwise lowers green density and drives larger, less predictable shrinkage when two layers of differing porosity are fired together. Further concepts address internal pressure build-up as lithium is plated into the porous anode host without external stack pressure, and lithium retention and consumable reuse during high-temperature firing of the bilayer.
Key Synergies
Electrolyte composition, green-body processing and firing equipment converging on a single co-fired porous–dense architecture – parallel de-risking of bilayer film quality, composition control and the plated-lithium interface for pressure-free cell launches.

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